Two corrections to the obvious mental model
1. A provider is a variable, not a constant. A city that sold its water system still issues your building permit, so everything looks municipal — but the tap fee belongs to a private utility and lives in a state PUC tariff, not an ordinance. Different document, different agency, and it will never turn up by reading the city's fee schedule.
2. It is AND, not OR. City and county routinely both bill on the same project. One corner site can front a city street, a county highway, and a state route and need an access permit from all three. Treating jurisdiction as a single winner is the most common way to under-count.